Meta AI launches in the EU amid regulatory scrutiny

But with a limited feature set

Meta AI is finally making its debut in the EU after a prolonged period of regulatory challenges.

The company is rolling its AI chatbot, which has been available in the United States since 2023, across its suite of platforms, including WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram and Messenger.

However, the EU version has a limited feature set due to ongoing privacy concerns and compliance requirements under the GDPR.

"It's taken longer than we would have liked to get our AI technology into the hands of people in Europe," Meta stated, "but we're glad we're finally here."

The launch will include all 27 EU member states, along with 14 additional European countries and 21 overseas territories. Countries such as Iceland, Serbia, Norway and Switzerland are among those included in this wider European rollout.

However, the launch will be staggered, with Meta AI initially appearing on WhatsApp in both the EU and the UK, followed by its integration into Messenger and Instagram Direct Messaging "soon."

While Meta AI's capabilities in the USA include generation of images, personalised selfies and other creative features, the EU version is significantly more restricted.

For now, European users will have access to a basic "intelligent chat" function in six languages: English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, German and Italian.

A key feature of this expansion is the integration of Meta AI into group chats. Users on WhatsApp – and soon on Messenger and Instagram Direct Messaging – can invoke the assistant by typing "@MetaAI," followed by their prompt or question.

This allows for its use in planning, brainstorming and group conversations.

Meta AI will also streamline content discovery by generating relevant results from reels, posts, and web information.

Users can request specific content, such as "show me Vancouver Island content," and receive curated results within the chat interface. The assistant will also provide web information with added context and conversational interaction, eliminating the need to switch between multiple tabs.

Regulatory hurdles

Meta's entry into the European AI market has been fraught with regulatory hurdles, which stem from the EU's stringent data privacy framework. Unlike its operations in the US, where Meta freely uses user-generated content to train its AI models, the EU's GDPR requires companies to establish a clear legal basis for processing user data.

In May 2024, Meta attempted to navigate this situation by simply informing European users of its intention to modify its privacy policy. The company sought to leverage a GDPR provision known as "legitimate interests” to justify its data processing for AI model training.

However, the Irish Data Protection Commission (DPC) - Meta's lead data regulator in the EU - greeted this approach with fierce resistance.

The DPC took issue with Meta's approach to user consent, criticising the company's opt-out mechanism, which required users to actively prevent their data from being used to train AI models.

Regulators argued that Meta's reliance on legitimate interests did not meet the GDPR's strict standards for processing sensitive user data, ultimately compelling the company to suspend its data training plans for European users in June 2024.

As a result, the version of Meta AI being introduced to the EU has not been trained on any European data.

For now, Meta AI's capabilities in the EU will remain relatively limited. The assistant's current functionality revolves around answering user questions and performing basic information searches.

However, Meta has signalled that this is merely the "first step" in its broader strategy to introduce more advanced AI features in Europe over time.

Meta's long-term goal is to achieve feature parity between its EU and US AI offerings, but doing so will require further negotiation with EU regulators.

As Meta continues to expand its AI capabilities across the bloc, it can expect increased scrutiny from authorities concerned about data privacy, transparency, and user control.