Computing's top tech predictions for 2023
Constraints and costs define the year – but it’s not all bad news
Global crises like the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia's illegal war in Ukraine have shown the difficulty of predicting the future - but they've also demonstrated the crucial role technology has to play in solving these problems.
Today we have access to more data than ever before, and it's becoming more and more usable with developments in supercomputing and the cloud. We are, finally, starting to see glimpses of the future where we might take ourselves, using the developments of the last decade.
CIOs and other innovators are already building and using advanced technology in and outside the workplace, so what can we expect 2023 to look like from an IT perspective?
Click below for quick links to our predictions on:
- Diversity
- Greenwashing
- Web3
- Investments
- The Online Safety Bill
- FinOps
- Platform engineers
- The EU vs Big Tech
Demand for tech workers will remain high, but the talent shortage will get worse
Recent layoffs at massive tech firms have prompted talk of the technology bubble bursting, when it is more like the Silicon Valley bubble. The technology market remains strong, as seen in the shortage of skilled employees - a shortage that will only continue to grow more pronounced next year.
Since 2020, the majority of companies worldwide have been on a tech modernisation spending spree, creating huge demand for technologists. It has, for several years, been an employees' market, and while spiralling salary demands aren't sustainable in the long term, there are few signs of supply easing in the near future.
In fact, the labour pool is practically tapped out at this point. The move to remote working meant businesses could take on people from new locations and situations, like stay-at-home parents; but most of those with interest have been recruited in the last two years.
Prashanth Chandrasekar, CEO of Stack Overflow, said that rather than remaining stagnant - a problem in itself - the pool of available employees might actually be shrinking:
"The labour pool may actually be contracting due to...increasing insularity and anti-immigrant fervour around the world. In the US, for example, the number of immigrants holding a US H-1B visa and high-tech job fell 9% in 2021 from 2020, the highest drop in a decade. In 2022, with layoffs hitting H-1B holders who will now be forced to return home, the drop may even steeper."
The UK has already experienced this in the aftermath of the Brexit vote, and so far the Government seems to have little idea how to remedy the situation.
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Initiatives to increase tech diversity will increase, but results won't be seen in 2023
Despite a great deal of discussion in tech and in society more generally, technology remains pretty homogenous in many respects including gender, ethnicity and socio-economic background in particular. There have been some notable exceptions, many of which Computing has celebrated, but on the whole, technology leadership remains unrepresentative of wider society - which carries a number of unwelcome implications.
A common approach by tech companies when challenged about their homogenous leadership teams is to lament the lack of girls taking STEM subjects at school. Whilst this is undoubtedly something that needs to change, it's also a very convenient way of avoiding taking responsibility for continually promoting the same type of person.
Much of the problem starts at the founding level. Atomico recently released its State of European Tech report, and the findings on diversity make for wearily familiar reading.
87% of all VC funding in Europe is still raised by men-only founding teams, and the proportion of funding raised by women-only teams has, almost unbelievably, dropped from 3% to 1% since 2018. None of Europe's existing unicorns have an all-female founding team.
Ethnic minority founders are also being discriminated against. Just 1.4% of European unicorns are set up by a founding team entirely made up of minority ethnic entrepreneurs, and those founders have raised 0.7% of total unicorn funding.
According to the Atomico report, just 35% of European tech companies have a recruitment programme in place to reach people from diverse backgrounds. 2023 should see this number rise, if for no other reason than the huge skills shortfalls that companies are experiencing.
Russ Shaw CBE, Founder of Tech London Advocates & Global Tech Advocates commented:
"Once again, Atomico's report highlights the tech industry's shameful record on diversity and inclusion. It's not acceptable that women continue to be denied a seat at the table."
"The tech sector must double-down on tackling this critical issue. Over 65% of tech companies do not have a recruitment programme in place to reach people from diverse backgrounds. Enough is enough - the private sector has a responsibility to change this failure of inclusion, and tech investors must step up and demonstrate they can do better."
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The beginning of the end of tech greenwashing
Technology can potentially play a significant role in helping to reduce GHG emissions and mitigate some of the worst impacts of climate change. Unfortunately it's also currently part of the problem, as the impact of technology infrastructure on enterprise carbon footprints continues to grow.
However, sustainability will continue to increase in importance to tech buyers, and vendors will be forced to raise their game as potential customers, investors and employees call for more detailed sustainability metrics. Awareness of greenwashing has increased this year, and the use of sustainability as marketing is being increasingly called out.
According to recent research from Pure Storage and Wakefield Research, 73% of sustainability managers in the UK report that their company's leadership is treating sustainability initiatives as a priority. Certainly, tech companies are repeatedly placing ESG considerations highly when issuing competitive tenders for goods and services.
Demographic changes, and the impact of these changes on both financial and labour markets are driving this change. The average age of tech investors is dropping, and that reduction in age is often associated with values more aligned with greater environmental sustainability.
The tightest labour market in decades has also increased the power of Gen Z, whom many recruiters and employers report are far more values-driven than previous generations. Tech employers are competing for skills and one way to distinguish yourself is with a strong environmental agenda.
The combined effect of these pressures means that greenwashing will become harder for enterprise technology to sustain.
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Web3 will gain ground in the backend
2022 might have been something of a death knell for cryptocurrency, but the underlying blockchain technology still holds great promise. Just because the Bitcoin bubble has burst, Web3 technologies and practices like blockchain and decentralisation continue to grow in importance and popularity; after all, the issues they're intended to solve, like the massive centralisation of the internet in the Web 2.0 era, are still present.
In 2023 we'll see significant blockchain innovation as we move away from the peak of hype and blockchain's true capabilities become more widely understood. Instead of forcing blockchain into applications and businesses it clearly isn't suited for, we'll see more uses in areas where it can deliver true value, like mass goods tracking and smart contracts.
Interest in Web3 has died down this year after the crypto crash and collapse of FTX, but a core of dedicated developers remains - developers just waiting to be snapped up by the right company. Organisations who have been waiting to break into blockchain may find this is the time to do so.
However, while the future still looks strong for most of Web3, its most consumer-facing application - metaverse - remains unwanted and under-developed. The hardware is still too bulky and expensive, and the concept entirely lacks a killer app to drive people towards it. Success is almost inevitable, but it won't come in 2023.
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Companies will prioritise efficiency over growth
As costs rise and the UK moves towards recession, companies will put more weight on saving through efficiencies than bringing in new money via growth.
Best-of-breed has been a watchword for technology for more than a decade. While every CIO wanted that single pane of glass view, they often found that the productivity gains of using multiple tools from different vendors outweighed the cost savings of keeping everything on one platform.
With inflation climbing and the economy teetering, that could be about to change. Just as they did post-2020, companies will enter a period of consolidation where they focus on perfecting and streamlining existing tools, cutting out single-use services in favour of those that can handle multiple tasks.
"Companies will start to retire some of the tools they use in favour of investing in other technologies that can absorb multiple services," says Jim Liddle of Nasuni. "Not only will consolidating tech help businesses to save money in the longer term, but it will also remove complex infrastructure, improving access and security."
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The Online Safety Bill will prove to be unworkable
The Online Safety Bill, bounced between an ever-changing cast of ministers and accreting measures as it goes like burrs sticking to a shaggy dog, will prove to be unworkable (again). Teenagers wishing to eat of the forbidden fruit will always find a way to circumvent the rules, most obviously by using a simple VPN, and the billionaire bogeymen of Silicon Valley will prove immune to prosecution. Rather, examples will be made of smaller publishers and tech companies in the UK, whose executives may find well themselves in court for inadvertently allowing illegal self-published content on their sites.
Originally drafted by Theresa May's government, three PMs down the road it is a hotch-potch of barely thought through ideas that, in combination, please no-one and raise concerns over privacy and free speech. The controversial ‘legal but harmful' provision has been downgraded by the latest incumbent head of the DCMS, Michelle Donelan, who now wants Ofcom to police the Ts & Cs of platforms hosting such non-illegal content and judge whether standards are being upheld. Terms and conditions are constantly changing and unless Ofcom is to be massively beefed this seems like an impossible job.
To compensate for the climbdown, the Government has introduced bans on promoting self-harm, as campaigned for by the family of Molly Russell, and chucked in deepfake porn and ‘downblousing' for good measure. And on it goes.
It is to be sincerely hoped that what emerges will go some way to protecting children from the worst materials on the internet, no-one is denying the need for that, but this ragbag of rules will please no-one. Some aspects, such as plans to weaken end-to-end encryption, are downright dangerous and already being resisted by the likes of WhatsApp; others will prove unenforceable, and in all likelihood most of it will be quietly abandoned at some later stage - but not before a few tech company execs who can't afford the expensive lawyers have been fined or imprisoned. For now, it's becoming a bidding war between the two main parties as to who can be the toughest on ‘big tech', with Labour even suggesting a crackdown on VPNs.
That won't happen, and nor will Big Tech be too bothered. That said, if the measures can align with those being introduced by Europe all of that might change.
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Constraints and costs define the year – but it’s not all bad news
FinOps goes mainstream
It's often the case that the most sustainable path is also the least expensive, and this is certainly the case when it comes to cloud.
Cloud infrastructure has always been sold on the premise of elasticity. DevOps needs agility and only cloud can deliver that degree of agility. The problem is that when it's that easy to commission cloud instances it's easy to forget about costs - and decommissioning infrastructure that you no longer fully utilise.
FinOps is a portmanteau of Finance and DevOps, and it arose relatively recently out of a need to improve collaboration between financial and engineering parts of an enterprise, primarily when it came to cloud costs, which are by any measure exceeding expectations. Cloud migration projects are also prone to coming in over-budget.
FinOps is a cultural practice that devolves ownership and responsibility for cloud usage and maximises ROI by helping all of the teams commissioning cloud services to collaborate. Practiced properly it should lower the risks of cloud migrations, control costs and maximise ROI. Many enterprises are still very early on in the FinOps maturity model, but 2023 is likely to see maturity increase and FinOps entering the tech culture mainstream as enterprise seeks to lower costs and reduce risk.
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...As do platform engineers
There was a debate a while ago over whether DevOps engineers were a thing. After all, wasn't DevOps a culture shift bringing together Devs and Ops? But then recruiters started advertising for DevOps engineers with salaries 20% higher than those for common-or-garden software engineers, and the debate was forgotten.
Now the familiar pattern is repeating, this time with platform engineers. Is a platform engineer a software developer? Certainly, but it's a role with a strong Ops strain too, focusing on the DevOps toolchain to produce a smoothly functioning, automated self-service whole from its constituent parts.
The fact this role has a new label tells us that the toolchain has become unwieldy, particularly in the realm of Kubernetes and cloud native where a continued proliferation of new tools has made it hard for Devs to take ownership of the whole development process in the original spirit of "You build it, you run it."
Indeed, in large teams the simple days of Dev and Ops coming together as one are over. Specialisations are emerging within the team including SRE, DataOps, FinOps and SecOps. Platform engineers are just the latest of those specialisations to become, if not exactly mainstream exactly, then at least a known quantity.
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EU turns its guns on US big tech
Despite the efforts of its many lobbyists in Europe, the collective known as GAMAM (Google, Amazon, Meta, Apple and Microsoft) will find itself increasingly in the sights of European regulators, with some more willing to pull the trigger than in the past.
Even the Irish Data Protection Authority (DPA), which has been historically reluctant to pursue the tech giants that call the country home due to its low tax regime, and widely criticised by other DPAs, has been making concerned noises about Twitter's shedding of staff responsible for complying with GDPR. The regulator also fined Meta €265 million this year for data scraping. Small potatoes relatively speaking of course, but perhaps demonstrating a hardening of attitudes in the bloc.
Behind this is the arrival of the Digital Services Act (DSA) in 2024, which will allow EU courts to fine companies up to 6% of their global turnover for violating the rules. These include banning advertising aimed at children, failing to remove illegal content, forcing social media platforms to make it easy for users to flag illegal content, and making retail platforms remove fraudulent of fake products once identified.
While the law moves slowly, already this year the EU said it and the UK are suing Google an eyewatering (even for them) €25 billion for digital ad malpractice; forced Apple to adopt standard USB chargers; and announced a GDPR investigation into AWS and Azure contracts with EU bodies. This comes as individual countries have advised against the use of Microsoft 365 and Google Analytics.
Just last week, AWS and the EU reached an agreement that halted an antitrust case, in what was seen as a climbdown by the US giant. Expect much more to come in 2023.
So that's what we see as the most likely course for tech next year. What do you think will happen?
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